Art and design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Art and design - Essay ExampleThe Harlem renaissance graphics borrowed heavy from post impressionism. The African American community came to understand that it was their time to flourish as human beings. This is normally referred to as the period of enlightenment for the African American artists and the people. This essay seeks to discuss the Harlem renaissance basing on the dickens prominent figures, Richmond Barthe and Aaron Douglas. It compares and contrasts their early life, their education and their contribution in the Harlem renaissance.Richmond Barthe was born in talk St Louis, Mississippi. This was on January 28, 1901. His make was sr. Richmond Barthe and his arrive Marie clementine Robateau. His mother sewed to support the family and his father died when he was only a year old. His mother later remarried to Barthes godfather, William franklin. William had no stable antic and he worked odd jobs to sustain the family. This included being the icemen to the local community . Interestingly, Barthes interest in art developed at a very tender age. Barthe himself mentions that his mother would keep him calm through heavy(a) him a piece of paper to draw on. This would allow the mother enough time to run the home errands (Schulman & Peter, 2009 p123). At the age of six years, Barthe began to paint after the master the mum sewed for gave him a direct of water colors. At this age, Barthe could draw well.When Barthe was a teenager, his art was overdeveloped for his age. Most of his paintings captured his fathers ice customers and his mothers sewing customers. Luckily as he helped his father in delivering ice during the summer, one of the customers discover the hardship and helped him get a job in revolutionary Orleans (Black, 2009 p234). This family encouraged his art and as he worked as a houseboy, Barthe furthered his talent in art. It was around this time that Barthe met Lyle Saxon. This was a writer for the New

Essential drug list Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Essential drug list - Essay suitetardation and claims that the health of all peoples is fundamental to the attainment of peace and security and is dependent upon the fullest co-operation of individuals and States1.To become a atom of the WHO a state, which is already a member of United Nations, should accept its Constitution. The other countries can become a member in condition that their application has been approved by a World Health Assembly. promptly there are 193 member states in the WHO.The WHO activities in the sphere of pharmaceutical preparations are mainly found on the WHO medicines strategy that was adopted on the fifty-fourth World Health Assemble on 21st of whitethorn 20012. This strategy is directed on assistance to governments in providing appropriate life and healthcare protection and progress through liquidation of the huge difference between the appropriate medicines usage possibilities and reality, thus for millions of people much(prenominal) medicines are ab sent, unaffordable, unsafe, of bed quality or used in the wrong way.In 1977 the WHO provided a guidepost for all national governments, which is called Model List of Essentials Medicines. Its main objective is to ensure governments that they have in demarcation an inventory of medicines necessary to provide a sufficient healthcare. The WHO defines essential medicines as those that satisfy the priority healthcare needs of the population they should therefore be available at all times in comme il faut amounts and in appropriate dosage forms, at a price the community can

Business process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business butt - Essay ExampleRichard L. Daft in his defend Management 4th Edition defines a business service, when pentagon moves thousand of tons of humanitarian aid it postulate hundreds of approvals from the government. It has to first prepare the list of things needed to be sent. It then estimates the cost of these things. Then it has to identify the fount of funding for this process i-e. Where are they breathing out to get the money to pay for this aid , either it is going to be through a government grant or through some private liberality? later this has been decided again needs the approval from the government. And if its a government grant it has to wait till they get the required budget. Then after getting the budget they again need to wipe out O.K. officials signature. Then they have to wait till finance office sends the cheque. The travel group has to make traveling arrangements and obtain travel advance i-e advance money. Then they have to obtain the traveling tickets from the concerned department. And after these thirteen cumbersome steps only, the concerned people can travel and send the humanitarian aid. As already discussed all these steps were cumbersome and there was a lot of red-tape involved the entire process take too much, As a result that aids value to the recipient was less than if it was achieved immediately. As already discussed all these steps were cumbersome and there was a lot of red-tape involved the entire process take too much, As a result that aids value to the recipient was less than if it was achieved immediately. For deterrent example suppose after the Tsunami, Pentagon decided to send aid to those who lost their homes in the disaster. If the above process is beingness followed, it will take atleast a week for this aid to reach the people. The value of this aid for the consumer would now be less or in other words it would not be as important as if it would have been received the next day. The reason behind this loss of value for the recipients is that by the time they would have gotten the aid from the neighboring countries. They would have been able to console themselves as time is the best healer and collectible to diminishing marginal utility. That is if you have something then another unit of the uniform thing gives you less satisfaction. After Tsunamis victims received the aid from neighboring countries then the Pentagons aid will not give these people the same utility or same value as before.Same happens with the consumer, the more time businesses take to avenge there needs and wants the less value that thing (product or service) gives to the consumers. This is because the consumer demands are ever changing. If they demand something and if a business takes too much time in producing that thing, then by the time the business

The purpose and effectiveness of police patrol Term Paper

The purpose and dominance of police patrol - Term Paper ExampleIngram, as well as Measuring Crime Police Statistics and victimisation Surveys, by Philippe Robert, Renee Zauberman, Marie-Lys Pottier, and Hugues Lagrange. Both were located in online library journals. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the purpose and effectiveness of police patrol.This article discusses certain types of behaviors that police officers have been noted to exhibit throughout many several(predicate) studies. This particular article differs from others of its type in that it focuses on place. This means that the author of this particular author was suspect about how location affected the behavior of officers. In this context, behavior can be defined as what the officer chose to do when observing a citizen breaking the law, from issuing a citation all the dash up to making a formal arrest (Ingram 2007)This article goes far beyond previous studies that cover the influence of merely situational types of factors on the behavior of police officers. Rather, this article claims that an overall more contextualized framework is directly needed in order to study law enforcement tasks. Using multilevel and spatial modeling procedures, the flowing study examined the role that both immediate and surrounding neighborhood characteristics played on citation upshot within a large, metropolitan department. Findings indicated that neighborhood structural characteristics were significantly related to the number of citations written during calling encounters, independent of situational factors (Ingram, 2007, pg. 371).This article takes a look at numbers and trends related to police statistics and victimization. According to the authors, A conflict may now be arising between citizens and the State around the issue of crime. There all the way seems to be a yawning gap between the actions taken by the authorities and the expectations of citizens. Personal gumshoe and the protection of property

People Obsessed With Their Appearance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

People Obsessed With Their Appearance - Essay Example repeating of these standards of attractiveness in both genders in media sustained over years has finally convinced the audiences that in order to be classified as attractive, they need to start working towards fulfilling these criteria of beauty. Surgery is the most rough-and-ready and easiest tho expensive way of enhancing ones looks. Most of the people who can afford a operating room go for it because they want at least one feature in their body to be improved. Again, media is responsible for this since a vast majority of the celebrities both male and female have undergone botox surgeries to condition the shape of their nose or lips, be they from Hollywood or Bollywood or any other fritter away industry. Since the celebrities are taken as models by the general public, they follow them in the same way and then ending up getting surgeries. Americans had nearly 14m cosmetic procedures last year, spending $10.1bn in the process - on collagen and botox injections, breast implants, buttock lifts and nose jobs (US plastic surgery). Unfortunately, not every surgery results in an improvement in the facial feature. Countless cases of surgeries gone wrong can be witnessed on Google images. People know that undergoing a surgery can be risky and the damages last forever, but this warning has no effect on the determination of many a(prenominal) to undergo the surgery. In the recent years, many new techniques of ample removal have surfaced. These techniques include but are not limited to fat removal with liposuction, and incision.

The Contamination of Dirty Bomb Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Contamination of Dirty Bomb - Case Study ExampleThe presence of low-level nuclear materials cannot be disputed. The places where low-level nuclear materials are produced are everywhere in the world, and that means that the materials are effect everywhere.After a dirty break has exploded, it is necessary to clean up and decontaminate the affected field of operation. completely the materials in the place which have been contaminated should be removed from the place of explosion. When a dirty bomb explodes, there are procedures to be followed to decontaminate and clean up the place. Masks should be forgetd to rescuers to protect them from inhaling dust and separate particulates. The relevant authority should observe and monitor the area for possible hazards. There should be equipment in surgical procedure to evaluate the oxygen levels, toxic gasses, and flammable gasses. Once the rescue team gets to the point of explosion, they should remove all(prenominal) exploded material s especially cars as these are assumed to be dirty. The personnel should determine the extent area with toxics and should immediately start to evacuate people to safe places.Large uninjured populations should evacuate themselves. The personnel should provide safe exit routes in conjunction with building managers. The victims should be screened for dose rate, and establish those that need decontamination. The victims should repeal eating or drinking but should go and shower with water and soap. The structures and cars contaminated should not be decontaminated during the initial response process. The contaminated water should be allowed to flow into the drainage systems of the municipal. If possible, the water should be redirected to other channels. The people needing immediate attention should be separated from seriously injured people (Benjamin, 2011). These people should be examined for physical contamination and evacuated.

Overt Police Patrol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Overt jurisprudence Patrol - Essay ExampleThe most important task that a policeman does is Patrolling his specific sector. The mark of patrolling is to observe, inspect and provide security to those people who atomic number 18 living under that jurisdiction. The patrol officer is liable for his district and is held accountable for the actions taking sit in his district.Patrolling is the most visible aspect of policing. It can be some(prenominal) overt and blanket in nature. The overt patrolling involves visible cops in uniforms with all the basic items a cop carries. They have marked vehicles and ar easily differentiable from the civilians because of their get-ups. The covert police patrol rip use unmarked vehicles and inconspicuous garments which befriend them monitor and observe the people in a near manner.Patrol officers are the bridge which join the police agency with the common people as these officers are on the front ranks and know the people as they interact with t hem on their rounds. The officers are however the last(a) paid and often receive less respect than their posts and important function deserve. Today, the four basic functions of patrolling are Crime prevention (proactive deterrence), order maintenance (security), social services (community welfare) and of course impartiality enforcement (reactive deterrence). 2The effectiveness of patrolling has long been under dispute. Whether patrol officers have been able to reduce crimes in their locality and been able to knock off criminals before the crime actually took place is a study which many police stations and law enforcement agencies wish to determine. The overall cost of patrolling is high as the fuel consumption and mental spare-time of the policemen are both wasted. A patrolling officer must fight boredom and must be fully aware of what is incident around him or else his purpose is useless. But this problem plagues many police officers and they have difficulty in applying their full 100% concentration on their duty. The effectiveness of overt patrolling can be observed canvas various studies conducted by the various legal departments over the world. The assignment will highlight various studies which took place to observe the effectiveness of overt patrolling and covert patrolling. A study was conducted in the state of Victoria. In the inelegant regions the occurrence of crashes of vehicles going over 100 km/hr was observed and a study was conducted by K. Diamantopoulou & M. Cameron 3 to observe the effect of overt and covert traffic patrolling and whether any specific style of patrolling would help in reducing the number of accidents in the region. Their study showed results that the best solution to the problem was to use covert style of patrolli

Religion - Cardinal John Henry Newman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Religion - Cardinal John Henry Newman - act ExampleHowever, the pertinent role of The relation of Butler in the religious opinions of Newman is often stressed. In admire to his intellectual training, Newman was indebted to Dr. Hawkins for more exactness in the statement and greater precision in an argument... The Analogy of Butler formed, as in the case of so many others, a turning point in the history of our authors religious opinions. (Kickham, 116) Therefore, Cardinal Newman presents the major influences on his religious opinions in his apology pro Vita Sua and the Preface added to this book illustrates the major influences and turning points in his religious opinions. The following History of my ghostlike Opinions, now that it is detached from the context in which it originally stood, requires some preliminary explanation... An impression of this kind was around unavoidable under the circumstances of the case, when a man, who had written strongly against a cause, and had col lected a political party round him by virtue of such writings, gradually faltered in his opposition to it, unsaid his words, threw his own friends into perplexity and their proceedings into confusion, and ended by passing over to the side of those whom he had so vigorously denounced. (Newman, 3) star of the prevailing themes of Newmans teachings was to emphasize value-focused education and he regarded education as not useful to benevolence without the influence of Gos grace. The outward training should be duly supported by an inward help and grace which is provided by Christ and his Holy Spirit.

Key Difference between Consumer and B2B Marketing Assignment

refer Difference between Consumer and B2B Marketing - Assignment ExampleMost of the large firms which produce goods such as resultion, steel, and equipment along with computer memory chips cater to the business market customers and the organizations do not directly move with their customers. The introduction of the laser printers along with the personal computers had brought HP which was a B2B marketer into the consumer market. Conversely, Apple strength has too extended towards the business market as its iPad was being used or tested in much than 75% of the fortune 500 companies just after a month of its launch. Corporate using iPad includes J.P. Morgan Chase, Tellabs, Inc., and primal Health. Products such as office furniture, smartphones, softw ar, and personal computers are carrefours which are purchased both by the consumers as strong as by the business markets. The feature that tends to distinguish consumer goods from business marketing is the intended use of the produ ct and the intended consumer. Some of the global big brands belong to the business marketing section and they include Google, Blackberry, Cisco, Caterpillar, FedEx, IBM, HP, 3M to visit a few organizations (Hutt & Speh, 2012, p.8-9). Some of the key differences which exist between B2C and B2B marketing have been shown in dodge 1. B2B marketing focuses on fewer and on varied customers and involves complex and technical gross sales processes as compared to consumer marketers. The abridge of complexity such as multiple stakeholders which includes, purchasing agents, financial analysts, engineers, layers, manufacturing managers all of these stakeholders proceeds through the multi-stage decision-making process. The straw man of however few just powerful customers who often account for a high percentage of sales represents that most of the powerful and normal statistical tools in the B2C domain should be adapted in the B2B domain. In addition, most of the transaction in B2C sectors happens through common channels. For example, consumer packaged goods in the retail stores through which the retailers are able to capture and host about competitive consumer marketing. In contrast, transactions in B2B marketing are mostly private and negotiation happens mostly the ough a downstream channel of distribution. Therefore it can be said that data about the terms and nature of transactions and consumers are not visible to the common people (Lilien & Grewal, 2012, p.4). B2B marketing generally involves wholesalers, manufacturers, and the service firms which markets the good and service to another form of business but not to the ultimate consumers. Thus the distinction between B2C and B2B is not only the service or the product but the ultimate users of the product and the service. For example, if a pair of jeans had been sold to industrial business which then to the tutelar firm where the employees would have wears them on the workplace, such transaction would still be ter med as B2B transactions. Another study factor of difference between business marketing and consumer marketing is the role e of the salesperson. Salespeople are authoritative and essential in dealing with consumer goods such as FMCG, consumer electronics, jeweler, insurance and real estates.

Legal Skills Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Legal Skills - Case Study ExampleHe admitted that he knew that it contained prohibited drugs all heroin or cannabis. Analysis showed that the material in the suitcase was not a prohibited drug but vegetable matter akin snuff. He appealed on the ground that because the amount of money was not a prohibited drug he had not done an act which was not to a greater extent then merely preparatory 2 to the commission of the offence as required by the deplorable Attempts good turn 1981.The Court of Appeal dismissed his appeal. The appellant, on a visit to India, was approached by a man named Desai, who offered to pay him 1000 if, on his return to England, he would receive a suitcase which a messenger would deliver to him containing packages of drugs which the appellant was then to distribute according to instructions he would receive. The suitcase was duly delivered to him in Cambridge. Acting on instructions, the appellant went to Southall station to deliver a package of drugs to a thir d ships company 3. Outside the station, he and the man he had met by appointment were arrested. A package containing a powdery substance was strand in the appellants shoulder bag. He produced to customs officers the suitcase from which the lining had been ripped out 4 and the remaining packages of the same powdered substance. In answer to questions by customs officers and in a persistent written statement the appellant made what amountedto a full confession of having played... The appellant believed the drugs to be either heroin or cannabis. In due course, the powdered substance in the several packages was scientifically analysed and found not to be a controlled drug but snuff or some similar painless vegetable matter.The applicant was convicted under the Criminal Attempts Act 1981 s 1(1) of onseting to transmit the offence of being of wittingly concerned the dealing with and harbouring prohibited drugs s 170 (1) (b) of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979. air division 1(1) of the Criminal Attempt Act 1981 provides that a person is conscience-smitten of attempting to commit an offence if, with intent to commit the offence, he does an act which is more than merely preparatory 5 to the commission of the offence. The prosecution must lift that the defendants did what they did knowingly and it must be proved that they knew the goods were prohibited goods and had been imported into the United Kingdom. There is evidence to assure in this case that Mr. Shivpuri particularly knew the nature of the substance.The House of Lords, looking at the case law and legislative history, concluded that Parliament intended that the only means rea necessary for an offence under Criminal Attempts Act 1981 s 1(1) and the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979, should be knowledge that the goods were subject to a inhibition on importation. If there are four offences, the means rea is the same for each. In this case, D would be guilty of the life offence, although the offence he believed he has committing was punishable with only 5 years. He would be attempt to commit the five years 5)Mens rea of the offence,offence, because that is the offence he intents to commit. These results

What effect did the Rise of Science have on theories of Educational Essay

What effect did the Rise of Science have on theories of Educational Practice - probe ExampleEducation empowers individuals to lead their lives autonomously, participate in the community activities, and pursue their goals. Through education children meet culture, which ultimately helps them orient their social conduct in the right direction. School is just another and a superficial means, of education. A large proportion of education is ingrained from other agencies (Dewey, 19264-5). Education and learning are closely related and are, at times, used synonymously. History of education can be dichotomized as the breeding of curricula and development of learning and teachingIn the primordial world, education concerned only with cultural transmission. Since on that point was little that changed in everyday life, education too changed and deviated little, from set standards. The aim of education was merely to fix the children fit enough totake up their roles in tribes. In those socie ties education was achieved through oral development or imitation. As the human life became more complex, there arose the need to impart education in vocational skills like hunting, farming, and animal husbandry.During the rise of ancient civilizations and development of languages, education became more formal and complex. The render of formal education system is variously attributed to the Egyptian, Chinese, and Mesopotamian Civilizations between 3000 and 1500 B.C. In the Egyptian society, education was only carried turn out by priestly class that held sway in the society and enjoyed political clout as well. The priests dispensed, to a group of elite students, esoteric knowledge of subjects like science, medicine, and mathematics. Mesopotamian civilization had a tradition of teaching children belong to the upper crust of the society. Education consisted of learning subjects like law, mathematics, and astrology. In the ancient Chinese civilization, education was close to develop ment of secular values, moral uprightness, use of rituals, and music. Later, toward the 1st

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple - Essay ExampleThe major subject of the trick work is the sex and growth of the Indian women. The sculptures are designed stylistically to show the growth in women and to represent their beauty. The tickling sculptures also show the passionate interactions between humans along with changes that occur in human bodies. The artistry also represents the cultural influence of the Indians by using ornaments on the sculptures thus, showing how Indian women value ornaments. The art also applies religious styles by positioning the tingling sculptures in such a way that they still evil spirits. Stylistic influences workd in the sculptures include the use of good positioning and use of imagery. The artistic creation has applied imagery in the sculptures by using symbolism where variant meanings can be derived from separately of the sculptures. The religious style has a significant influence on the art since it determines the major positioning of the erotic sc ulptures. This is a portrait which was done by anonymous court artists during the Kangxi period, which was around the year 1662-1795. The portrait in the main represents one of the royal rulers of the Qing Dynasty. The medium used is mainly paint and silk, with paint being made on the silk. The subject matter of the artwork is mainly to convey messages about the countries strong dynasties and the religious views. Thus, a gage of symbolism has been used in the artwork to convey different messages. Thus, from the modify used and the pattern of art, different meanings. can be derived from the artifact (Kleiner, 43). The major cultural context of the relic is the glorification of the Chinese art and to uphold their religion and the political ideologies. The artwork is also symbolic and metaphoric in producing its message. For instance the colors used on the robes are bright signifying the peace in the dynasty of the emperor. In addition, the artwork also embraces the use of different patterns

Can food ever be too cheap Can consumers be denied choice Can Essay

Can food ever be too cheap Can consumers be denied choice Can supermarkets offer the lowest prices and still be ethical You - Essay Example in that respect is an argument if it is ethical for business community to overlook the environmental damage cause by the shipping of food from thousands of miles away, consume fossil fuels and cause green house gases. On the other hand nation argue that the dispense organic food items creats much of the CO2 at its production site. For instance, lamb imported from New Zealand produce around 1500 pounds of CO2 per ton mend the same produce four times if raised in Britain. Since I am an staunch supporter of importing items from other countries, it is important to baffle one understnd that carbon emission is non the exclusively reason for international warming issue. Other factors, which economists circumstance as factors inputs and externalities, like use of fertilizers, packaging disposals, irrigation methodology, use of different types o f transportations etc. atomic number 18 also considered while using Food Mile Calculator, a technique to quantify the carbon emission footprints. Secondly, exploitation population of the world has made it impossible to feed through local grown production. thitherfore, rather an labor to control the obsession for food of our consumers, go beyond the borders, utilize naturally fertile lands and provide sustainable products irrespective of the season. The new deal drafted by World Trade Organization is helping new economies to emerge. It ensures that trade balance does non fall in favor of rich countries only. Countries like Indonesia and Bangladesh with huge populations are demoralised to depend only on American and European scotch aids, and adopt catch-up policies to reduce their trade deficit. The turd Association (UK) voices for the food miles labelling system still insists that it is not trying to stop air-freight, produces more carbon dioxide than any other tansportation means. Reseachers believe that concentrating only on air-freighted products, that constitutes only 0.5% of the global production (Soil Association), will hurt the sparing efforts to build local economies of the under-developed countries. I can, therefore, confidently state that the real issue is not about the global warming but the accessibility of our consumers to a sustainable organic product and information about the economic and social impact of intercontinental world trade. Despite of freedom of choice, more environmental friendly and financial boost that each food mile brings to the international communities, people stand against it. I am not against the local producers, but people tends to be over conscious when it comes to air-freighted food. Of course, it does not bring the price down, but makes it possible to offer the food they like when it is not being home grown. The availability of such items gives an added-value to the supermarkets and for that businesses are entir ely elligible to add increased cost of transportation and logistics. For instance, locally grown British broccoli, available only from February to April, is much cheaper than the Zimbabwean purple broccoli, available through out the year. Personally, I would prefer food miles labels attach rather denying our consumers from having healthy food choices, just because of a false notion. This is unethical business practice and does not help the local as well as international societies in any way possible. There are several

WW1 AND WWII Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

WW1 AND WWII - Research Paper pillowcaseOne can see that loss of life, economic burden, and underdevelopment are the basic elements of tragedy connect to the earth Wars. Murray Polner states that, World War I led to 30 million people killed or wounded and fatal epidemics of disease, plus a multibillion-dollar debt that was never repaid to U.S. creditors and, ultimately, fed into the collapse of the international financial system in 1929.1 For instance, during WWI (1914-18), the Central Powers and the Allies lost millions of civilians and soldiers. Besides, economic burden crushed the European nations and new taxes were implemented to spank the akin. As just about of the resources were used to gain supremacy in the warfront, the participant nations were forced to face underdevelopment. On the other side, the death toll of WWII (1939-45) was comparatively high due to the usage of innovative nuclear weapons, and the same resulted in high death toll. Still, the economic burden of the WWII was limited to the Axis alliance. At the same time, most of the nations within Allies lost their supremacy over colonies and this resulted in underdevelopment in Europe to an extent.The controversial issues related to the World Wars are linked with the violation of agreements, usage of deadly weapons, and cruelty towards prisoners. During WWI, the Central Powers continuously go against agreements with other nations in Europe. Besides, deadly weapons were used against civilians, including elderly people and children. The prisoners were ill treated and the same resulted in serious emotional problems among them. During WWII, the Axis powers tried to follow international agreements, but the Allies, especially Germany and Japan, continuously violate the same. Besides, the usage of deadly weapons like nuclear weapons during WWII attracted international criticism. The Jew population in Central Europe, especially in Germany, was forced to face genocide. At the same time, the pris oners of WWII were

Discuss the relationship between film score and narrative (story) Essay

Discuss the relationship between film score and narrative (story) - Essay ExampleIt gives the step of the narration and helps carry along with the narrative the audition. Giving the feeling and tone of a narrative is precise necessary to help the audience realize the message that the narrative is relaying to them. All narratives have their role which is sup placemental to educate and entertain the society. They try to remind people of the lost values that should be sort for kosher cohesion of the people.In traditional societies before the coming of formal education, narratives were a source of education to fresh people. They were used to drive order and instill discipline in the young ones. This art has currently been ameliorate into different genres to include movies, dramas and other theatrics. With these improvements to modernize the field of art came euphony which has proved to be an full part of narratives and movies and without medicinal drug there could as well be no narratives or movies.An appropriate euphony has to be selected to accompany the narration. This will help to give meaning to the different scenes and themes that the narrator may wish to pass across. Just by the background music, the audience may be in a position to predict what is likely to come next in the narration. Therefore, film score or film music helps in a great way to build a story in a narrative. The plot of land of the narration will basically be based on the content of the narration and the music that plays along the story (Green, 81).Film score also helps to catch attention of the audience hence breaking the humdrum and boredom that may prevail were it for a mere narration without any support from music. Calm music often brings about somber moods in the narration, indicating that there could be a bad incident winning place in the story. A lively song gives an impression of a happy occurrence in the story. Therefore the choice of music should be correct to prevent a misleading incident where the audience may think about an occurrence

Small Non-profit Budgeting Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Small Non-profit Budgeting - Coursework ExampleThe goals and priorities are outlined in the strategic plan. The organization then determines the amount of money that will be needed fulfill the raiment goals and priorities, and this data is replicated in the annual operating budget. A budget that is well planned focuses mainly on the primary goals as it provides fiscal adaptability that is a key ingredient for maximizing sustainability. This paper explores the ways of creating a budget for a small non-profit organization and the expenditures that the money is needed for. Budgeting is a process. You have to use the facts that you cope to be true, make sensible assumptions concerning the future and project ahead on what will be culmination in the form of revenues and what will be rolling out of the organization in the form of expenses. These financial estimates are just projections. They are well defined using historical data and the events that may post place in the future. For ins tance, salary expenses of $100,000 for three workers in a given organization will be different from the one that will be set following year considering the fact that more special staff will be hired. When the budgeting process is carried out, similar items are taken whereby their expenses are estimated over a given period of time. For example, an organization may need to know the exact expenditure on the persona supplies in a given time. The budget will outline the summary of the total amount of cost that will be spent on office supplies. Prepare the final budget.

Qantas Essay Example for Free

Qantas EssayQantas Airways is an Australian based air hose and is a subset of the Qantas aggroup. It is a public-listed participation in the ASX (Australian Securities Exchange). The purpose of this research is to provide study of the Qantas concourse focal pointing on its profit exponent, efficiency and facileity for the last 3 years. This research paper to a fault examines the fiscal analysis and provides other relevant information to support in the evaluation of the beau monde. 1 caller-out Profile1.1 HistoryQantas is the worlds second oldest airline. It was founded in the Queensland outback in 1920 and has been in straight ope ration since that date. Qantas is Australias largest domestic and international airline and is recognised as atomic occur 53 of the worlds leading long distance carriers. The name comes from the initial letters of the words in the original registered gloss Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services curb. 1.2 Qantas root StrategyS afety re briny(prenominal)s Qantas first practicable priority and they are committed to maintaining the position as the leading Australian domestic carrier and whizz of the worlds premier sustainable long-haul airlines through the dual airline brands Qantas and Jetstar. Qantas aim to maintain node loyalty by delivering exceptional experiences through these dual brands, in conjunction with Qantas Frequent Flyer. The operating dodge is complimented with a prudent approach to capital management as they seek to deliver sustainable, long legal injury re put to work to the shareholders. The Qantas Group strategic priorities are illustrated be hapless. 41.3 Qantas OverviewQantas is Australias largest full service airline carrying 28 million passengers in 2011/2013 on 5,050 flights per week in Australia, sweet Zealand, Asia, North and South America, Africa and Europe. It is a knowledgeableness member of the oneworld alliance. Qantas is a single integrated airlines providing airline t ransportation through its two Qantas brands Qantas and QantasLink Main MarketsQantas main markets are domestic and international traffic to and from Australia. Qantas, a wholly-owned group of subsidiaries including QantasLink and doughwork Aviation, services 57 metropolitan and regional regular passenger transport end points crosswise Australia and Port Moresby in Papua immature Guinea, as head as 19 dedicated fly-in-fly-out charter destinations. 2011/2012 Passenger Distribution Passenger RevenueAustralia domestic 78% 51%International 22% 49%CustomersQantas carries business and unemployed passengersProductQantas offers passengers a premium entanglement product on its extensive domestic and international mesh topology and through it oneworld membership, accessing 24 bilateral codeshare agreements (excluding Jetstar and Jetstar Asia with whom Qantas similarly has codeshare agreements), over 870 destination and 550 lounges. Passengers similarly perk up the opportunity to st raighten out and redeem frequent flyer points across its global network. Qantas is focused on both business and untenanted travellers by offering a one or two class product on domestic routes and a two, three or quartette class product for international services. 51.4 Jetstar OverviewJetstar commences operations in May 2004. It is the Qantas Groups low fares airline and the largest low cost carrier in the Asia Pacific region. Jetstar comprises of Jetstar Domestic, Jetstar International and holdings in Singapore-based Jetstar Asia, Vietnam-based Jetstar Pacific and Jetstar Japan. In 2011/2012, its operations carried 18.7 million passengers to over50 destinations in Australia, New Zealand, Asia and the Asia Pacific. Jetstar also recently announced its conception to invest in a new airline, Jetstar Hong Kong, with China Eastern Airlines in 2013. Main MarketsJetstars main markets are domestic and international traffic to and from Australia. Pan-Asian expansion has strengthened throu gh Jetstar Asia, Jetstar Pacific and Jetstar Japan. New Zealand operations encompass both trans-Tasman and domestic New Zealand markets. 2011/2012 Passenger Distribution Passenger RevenueAustralia domestic 57% 51%International 43% 49%CustomersJetstar focused on providing consistently low fares to predominantly leisure travellers. ProductJetstar offers domestic and international passengers a value based product with the flexibility to select spare operations in relation to seating, entertainment, catering, baggage and premium seating on long haul. Jetstars unceasing focus on leading online technology has enabled more(prenominal) innovative ways to book, check-in and board. 61.5 hapQantas Group operates fleets comprises of Boeing 737-800, A330-200, A380-800 Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Bombardier Q400 and Boeing 717. Over the next 10 years, the Qantas Group has committed capital investment worth US$23 billion in more kindle expeditious, next generation aircrafts such(prenominal) as A 380-800, Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Airbus A320 neo. 1.6 bodily and Social ResponsibilitiesThe Qantas Foundation was established as a charitable trust in 2008. It forms bust of the Qantas Groups commitment to operating in a sustainable and socially responsible manner. The Qantas Foundation focus on two key areas Initiative that provide an immediate experience for those in need (Changing lives) Experiences and opportunities that empower the next generation of Australians to make a difference in community (Empowering change) To deliver this vision, the Qantas Group supplement off the diverse resources of theQantas Group from their employees, diverse network of suppliers and partnerships, and the use of their own airline. Another initiative that the Qantas Group took on is aiming for a world class performance by protecting the environment for the generations. They aim to snub their carbon footprint through several proven measures such as Aircraft weight reduction initiatives c ompetent ground power units in lieu of natural spring fuel driven auxiliary power units utilize GPS-based navigation technology to improve operational efficiency Investing in a fuel efficient fleet such as Airbus A380 and Boeing 787 Facilitating a sustainable aviation fuel industry in Australia On ground, to drop deadher with their partners, innovative projects and partnerships were set to achieve this goal. One example is the Clean Up Australia campaign started since 1996, the Qantas Group have been a key corporate partner for the Clean Up Australia Foundation. Key Successes1. Maintained a downward trend on electricity, water and waste-to-landfill consumption since 2006, despite operational growth. 2. Reduced environment intrusion between 2005 and 2011Reduced electricity consumption by 8%Reduced water consumption by 19%Reduced waste-to-landfill by 21%3. Maintained a downward trend on jet fuel emission intensity 72. Key StrategiesThe Qantas Group has a broad portfolio and a i ntelligibly defined strategy with the following message goals Build on the Groups domestic businesses through a brighten focus on the customer Strengthened Jetstars presence across Asia to capture the full benefits of the regions low-cost leisure travel boom. Continue to expand Qantas Frequent Flyer by adding new partners and increasing ways for members to earn and spend points. Some of the changes seen were introducing a new tablet-based in-flight entertainment system called Q Streaming that received outstanding feedback from passengers. New order for 10 Fokker 100 aircraft were placed to extend Qantas reach into Western Australias mining centres as part of the Groups fly-in-fly-out strategy. Jetstars focus in the domestic market remained on building upcapacity on core leisure routes with modern fleet such as the A320 aircraft, adding almost 16,000 extra seats during the year. Qantas Group also expanded alliance with American airlines, attracting consumers from the America reg ions. 82.1 SWOT Analysis on the Qantas Group abilityStrong partnership with other alliance through its oneworld membership accessing 24 bilateral codeshare agreements over 870 destination and 550 lounges. Passengers also have the opportunity to earn and redeem frequent flyer points across its global network which attracts consumer to choose the Qantas Airways over other airlines. Operate and fly in to many destinations such as Australia (Domestic), New Zealand, Asia, North and South America, Africa and Europe making Qantas Airways the ideal airline to consumers. WEAKNESSQantas do not have many direct routes and depend heavily on its other airline partners. For example to get across to destinations such as Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, consumers have to transit at Dubai and change airlines to the Emirates to get to their final destination. This turns away consumers who prefer to fly in direct to the country. OPPORTUNITYQantas subsidiary Jetstar announced its object to i nvest in a new airline Jetstar Hong Kong, in partnership with China Eastern Airlines this year. This expands the spry business into the Chinese market. THREATThe global fuel bell increase affects the airline industry. With higher fuel prices, the airlines operating cost increases. To compensate, airline raise ticket prices to generate more revenue which in turn, turn away consumers and force them to look at other airline that provides competitive or even reject berth prices. Introduction of more low cost carriers from established airlines such as Scoot, a subsidiary airline of the Singapore Airline. 93. Ratios3.1 favorableness Ratio (%)Profitability ratio is used to measure a smart sets ability to generate revenue in relation to sales, assets and equity (i.e. often the sum of monies invested). It also shows how effective the company is being managed to stay profitable. Some commonly used profitability ratios include impart on equity, return on investment, return on total ass ets, gross and net profit bounds and return on capital employed. Profitability ratios provide investors guidance in their assessment of the companys financial wellness and performance. For example, return on investment indicates whether the company is generating enough profits for its shareholders. Net profit margin declined by 0.52% in 2012 while an increase of 0.53% occurred in 2011 as seen in Table 1. It is slightly start than the industry averages of 1.737% by 0.377%. The decline in net profit margin whitethorn be attributed to travel fuel costs, fall in freight, tours and travel revenue. In 2012, Qantas incurred restructuring costs of AUD376 million compared to nil in 2011, which is in relation to their initiative to reduce costs and improve business in the international segment. The other ratios such as Return on assets (ROA) and return on equity also declined to 2.12% and 3.38% respectively in 2012.Profitability division/Ratio 2010 2011 2012 Industry averagesReturn on tot al assets (ROA)1.76%2.28%2.12%2.630%Return on equity2.88%4.26%3.38%5.290%Net profit margin1.35%1.88%1.36%1.737%103.2 EfficiencyEfficiency ratios are used to show how well a company uses its assets and liabilities efficiently to be able to earn significant amount of profits. Examples of efficiency ratios include asset upset, strain employee turnover, receivables turnover and payables turnover. Qantas whitethorn be considered as efficient in utilizing its resources to generate revenue, with asset turnover showing an increase to 252 age in 2012 compared to 245 old age in 2011. Generally the higher a companys asset turnover, it means the assets have been used more efficiently. From table 2, the number of days taken for creditors to be paid fell to 45.41 days in 2011, however a modest increase of 1.45 days was experienced in 2012. Compared to industry averages, Qantas took a longer time to pay their creditors. On the other hand, number of days debtors took to pay was shortened by 2 .09 days in 2012 while there was an improvement of 1.62 days in 2011. However the receivables turnover is a little higher at 19.83 days compared to industry averages of 18.45 days. neckcloth turnover shows the frequency a companys inventory is sold and replaced over a period. A high turnover indicates strong sales while a low turnover may insinuate poor sales and hence excess inventory. Inventory turnover fell to 9.39 days in 2012 compared to 9.72 days in 2011. However the ratio is higher than industry average of 8.52 days. Table 2Efficiency Year/days 2010 2011 2012 Industry averagesDays payable50.4345.4146.8643.90Days receivable23.5421.9219.8318.45Days inventory9.199.729.398.52Asset turnover234245252284.70113.3 LiquidityLiquidity ratio measures the companys ability to pay its short termination liabilities when due. It is calculated by dividing cash and other liquid assets by the short term borrowings and current liabilities. This testament show the number of times the short ter m obligations are covered by the cash and liquid assets. The short term obligations are considered fully covered and the company is in good financial health if the value is greater than 1. The higher the liquidness ratio, the higher the capability the company possesses to forgather its current liabilities. Examples of liquidity ratio include current ratio and quick ratio. Current ratio for Qantas was 0.90 in 2011 and 0.77 in 2012, snuggle industry average of 0.81. In comparison to Virgin Australia Holdings Ltd whose current ratio is 0.65 in 2011 and 2012 (See table 4), Qantas appears more stable though the values of its current ratio are less than 1 for both years. active ratio also known as the acid-test ratio focuses on the most liquid assets, leaving inventory out which may be hard to turn into cash in a timely manner. In the case of Qantas, the quick ratio was 0.71 in 2012, 0.14 drop from 0.85 in 2011, while industry average is 0.75. As compared to Virgin whose quick ratio w as 0.61 in 2012, the company seems to be in a stronger position to meet its short term commitments. Table 3Liquidity Year/Ratio 2010 2011 2012 Industry averagesCurrent ratio0.930.900.770.81Quick ratio0.880.850.710.7512Table 4 Growth Profitability and Financial Ratios for Virgin Australia Holdings Limited Liquidity/Financial Health 2010-06 2011-06 2012-06Current Ratio0.760.650.65Quick Ratio0.750.620.61Financial Leverage4.154.154.3Debt/ beauteousness2.33.213.96Source 2013 Morningstar, Inc.133.4 railroad train Ratio appurtenance ratio compares owners equity or capital to borrowings. Gearing is a measure of financial leverage showing the extent to which a companys activities or operations are funded by owners funds against borrowed funds. A high gearing ratio indicates that a company is using debt to pay for its operations and may risk inability to meet repayments in an economic downturn. The property could be made worse where rates move upwards suddenly. Lenders are generally conce rned intimately excessively high gearing ratio that may put their loans at risk for non-repayment. Some examples ofgearing ratio are debt equity ratio and net affaire cover. For Qantas, the gearing ratio increased to 111.21% in 2012 compared to 98.05% in 2011.This means the company used debt instead of equity to fund its continuing operations. However, this ratio is lower that industry average of 130.547%. Net pursuance cover ratio refers to the ease a company pays interest expenses on outstanding debt. The lower the ratio, the more the company is burdened by debt expense. The companys ability to meet interest payments may be doubtful when the ratio is 1.5 or lower. In Qantas case, the net interest cover ratio dropped sharply to 1.54 in 2012 against 3.96 in 2011. This ratio of 1.54 is close to the threshold of 1.5 and is indicative that Qantas may face cash flow problems and inability to meet interest expenses should rates increase suddenly. Table 5Gearing Year/days 2010 2011 201 2 Industry averagesNet Interest cover ratio4.163.961.542.35Gross Gearing (D/E)95.600%98.050%111.210%130.547%143.5 Investment ratioA shareholder can analyse the financial information getable to determine if the investment in a company is of value and quality. The price/earnings ratio is the go around known investment valuation indicators and used widely by investment professionals and investors. Generally the stock with a high price earnings ratio indicates that investors expect higher earnings growth in the future. The price earnings ratio for Qantas was 12.23 in 2012, 15.90 in 2011 and 29.14 in 2010. A sharp decline of 13.24 was recorded in 2011 due to market confidence in this stock prior to 2011. However the industry average is 12.25 which may suggest that investors may be less likely to

Health Promotion Among the Homeless Essay Example for Free

wellness Promotion Among the Homeless EssayAs the economy changes, so does the availability of operate, goods and money for many both soul. For those individuals who are already struggling with some type of issue much(prenominal) as a minify in hours worked, wage, disability, domestic violence etc. these changes affect them in a much more wicked context. For those who become or are homeless person, wellness lot may not be the first intimacy to take trouble of on their daily tasks list. Other things like eating, finding safe encourage and not trip upting arrested are of the most importance. However as many contract wellness link up diseases such as tuberculosis, diabetes, scabies, influenza, etc. wellness care becomes of concern and a necessity in order to put forward a way of life. health promotion among the homeless club is not only important yet needed. Health promotion can be effective with the appropriate intervention methods, professional staff and the susta ined availability of services and goods offered to the community. The subject field Coalition for the Homeless (2009) noted that the Census Bureau calculated that 45. trillion Americans did not have health insurance in 2007 and away of this 45. 7 million uninsured individuals, 8. 1 million children in the United States were without health insurance. Homelessness and lack of health care are positively related and having no health insurance at all can itself alone cause homelessness. According to the National Coalition for the Homeless (2009), half of all personal bankruptcies in the United States in 2008 were due to health related problems.The most important fact to remember when promotion health to this community is that they have puny to no money, experience embarrassment, nervousness and/or may become offended and may not get along as if they need help scarcely may or may not be mentally ill. These three things are not only considered barriers to the community when trying to receive health care but they are also barriers to the medical professionals who are not properly educated on how to show taste and privacy for each homeless individual. Other relevant barriers include the lack of knowledge about where to get treated, lack of transportation and health care costs.To overcome these barriers, medical health professionals must be adequately educated on this community and any new developments within this community as well. Also inexpensive transportation and public assistance must be indiscriminately made available to this population. One of the biggest ship canal to break these barriers is to create and increase public health funding for this population. There is one federally funded program, Health Care for the Homeless, which provides health care for homeless persons. These services include but are not limited to substance abuse services, emergency care and public housing assistance.Also providing dental and mental health care in most areas, this f ederally funded program creates a standard by which other programs created should be based off of and also provides a foundation to for other programs needed to assist this growing population. light health in the homeless community has an effect on society. Homelessness impacts the community in the following shipway economically, politically, legally and physically. As the number of unhealthy homeless individuals increase, the cost of maintaining and operating health facilities and service programs that allow for to this population increases.Taxpayers fund these programs and services with the help of private donations. When the homeless do not seek out these federally funded or privately funded services and programs, they seek another method of obtaining money and/or services by panhandling or stealing, this creates a legal problem. Also for those individuals who do not go to a shelter or place to eat, they must find food and typically they do this through garbage cans and reclai mable places. This action creates health issues which causes this epidemic to continue.As there are those businesses that may deny the homeless individual to bathe or clean themselves properly, he/she may go days without proper hygiene care causing another more health problems such as scabies or other bodily infections. In conclusion, homeless individuals have the human and legal right to access public information and health services provided to every other human being. It is the writers opinion that a portion of the tax revenue payers dollar should be spent to provide health insurance and health care to those that are homeless to a certain extent.The writer believes that each homeless individual should receive an yearbook checkup that includes mental, dental and physical services. For those taxpayers who make above a certain income range should be infallible to pay more of a percentage of services needed after the initial appointment. The writer believes that homeless individua ls deserve the same amount of care as those who are not homeless deserve. Health issues in the homeless community are ones that can be solved with constant interventions and involvement at the community level.

Iberia Airlines Essay Example for Free

Iberia Airlines Essayi. whom does it serve?In 1944, the civil Aviation Conference was held in Chacigo, where fifty two states siged an International Convention that established the basic principles for the functioning of the product line market individu eachy country could negotiate bilateral agreements with other countries in order to regulate the market conditions that would govern air traffic. Before the 1980s, the planning system used was basically omen to point, that is to say, now flights from nonpareil urban center of origin to another of destination. Instead of planning simple routes, they planned routes from and to the hub airports that came from or were going to other cities. In 1959,ii. What cling to does it deliver?They used medium and low capacity aircraft on low slow-wittedness routes. primarily they only do national flights and rarely multinational ones. They competed with flag carriers and as well with low cost carriers, which had caused a decline i n their per passenger income. For that reason, some regional companies decided to go into partnership with flag carriers which results to also low cost carriers.iii. Why does it matter?It matters with the 1.9 billion passengers carried safely by the skyway, because of the low cost and competent carrier. The strategic master plan II 2000-2013, established customer service as one of its priority objectives which in fact result with the passengers satisfaction that would be converted to profit. iv. What is its pipe dream?Its ambition is to suffice the need of its passengers while giving low cost in a modality that their service will be still in the international level and not only for domestic purposes with the intention to give a safe and worth it flights. 2. How does the firm create and capture value?i. What is its conflict?Its difference is that it gives low cost flights which gives the customers the right satisfaction. They managed flights point-to-point, both scheduled and s hort haul. They used to regional airports that were cheaper and less(prenominal) crowded than the main airports. Nevertheless, some low-cost carriers such as easyJet and Vueling also used main airports. They had homogenous fleets that facilitated crew information and redeemd on maintenance costs. They offered one class only with high density seating and no in-flight service. They made sales directly by telephone and internet without issuing tickets. They offered incalculable seats on the aircraft so as to speed-up the boarding process.They subcontracted many activities such as ground helper or maintenance. They employees were not union members, and in many cases they contracted for several tasks. Iberia enabled Iberia to ramp up its credentials without having to take on additional staff. The automatic detections made by Vi-System have resulted in more impressive surveillance, managed centrally from the security teams headquarters, without the need for regular patrols around the large site. ii. How does it deliver its value proposition?Our research indicates that most companies, when asked to construct a customer value proposition, simply list all the benefits they believe that their offering might deliver to target customers. Therefore, the benefits of Iberia are as follows 1. Non expensive flights2. Safe flightsWhat makes its dodging superior?Its strategy is superior because they k straight how to choose their trusted customers. Customers which aims for a low prices offered by the airlines, they made their schedules convenient and frequent, made a good edge by making good previous pass and definitely a direct flight. iii. How does it evolve?It has established partnerships with other flag carriers. Iberia became a partner of European regional airlines although still having independent capitals merely it they achieved better service and obtained positive results 8. Describe the here and now condition of the firm as given by your case material PESTPoliti cal factors-Government regulations regarding the golosh of the people-Economic policies of government regarding the airline industry, these may include licenses, inspection by the duly authorities that is airline companies follow.Economic factors Interest rate would impact the cost of capital, the rate of interest being directly harmonious to the to the cost of capital Economic trends act as an indicator of the sustenance and profitability of your business in the chosen region and help you in deciding your marketing strategy. Rate of inflation determines the rate of earnings of employees and directly affects the price of the restaurants products. Again, the proportion between the inflation rate and wages/prices is direct Social Factors-Certain cultures, like 1st world countries would not choose to go to the Iberia airline just to save money, they would choose airlines which gives better customer satisfaction. Technological Factor The technology of the Iberia Airlines is very ef ficient because when the internet was used, the Iberia Airlines cursorily took the idea of selling tickets in the internet.Porters 5 forcesIt is known for a fact the Iberia Airlines is not the first airlines, still it is said by porter that when theres a new one, there will of all time be an old one. Its idea of selling tickets cheaper compared to other companies is a stepping stone. The advantage of this airline is that it has cheaper flights compared to other airlines provided same service. Its technology is sufficient and ready for competition. In its early age, it is a fact that there were already 1.9 billion customers and a basis to have a reason of better achievement compared to other mates.The Mckinsey 7S scheme to build partnerships among other airlines but still having independent capital to have independent profit body structure Everyone reports to the CEO, Rafael Sanchez- Luzano Turmo who decides whether the proposals are to be accepted Systems Iberia Airlines became m ore established in the world of air travel and began commercialized connections six days a week between Madrid and Barcelona. Shared Values Its goal is to dominate the airline industryStyle Its style is selling cheaper flights but efficient service. Staff The Iberia airlines provides ground staffs and cabin crew with iPads to improve customer service Skills Its main objective is to give services to customers who wants a point to point flights (domestic flights) but it is currently serving international flightsSWOTStrength- Low cost price but efficient serviceWeakness- Too many international airlines. The train industries are also being their rival companies in term of short term travels Opportunities- well known internationally by giving efficient service Threat- insufficient capital, companies that are well known giving services faster and easier in monetary value of international flights 9. Formulate the vision and mission statementAs we move towards our goal of being a world-c lass airline, we will continue to give extra-ordinary services to attain customer needs. We intend to provide our customers with a efficient though low cost pricing flights and will surely give memorable project in the flight.Mission statementOur mission is to run a profitable business by providing high-end international airline. To provide quality and efficient service to the customers, we will maintain the low-cost prices of our services.referenceshttp//www.buzzle.com/articles/pest-analysis-example.htmlhttp//www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_05.htmhttp//hbr.org/2006/03/customer-value-propositions-in-business-markets/ar/1 http//www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_91.htmhttp//www.airlinetrends.com/2012/07/23/iberiacabin-crew-ipad/

The opening of Pride and Prejudice Essay Example for Free

The scuttle of Pride and Prejudice EssayHow does Jane Austen in the opening of Pride and Prejudice decide the subject and the tone of the novel? How does this prepare the reader for rest of the leger?Pride and prejudice is Jane Austen most popular Novel. In this novel Jane Austen has portrayed the book on a real life story and tells us about the initial misunderstanding between Elizabeth and Darcy. Darcy is a handsome, sizeable man, and full of attitude, this is what Elizabeths point of view is Elizabeth thinks like this of him be arrive at he was being very mean and arrogant on their first meeting this can be a misunderstanding, its possible that Mr Darcy will take some clipping to get along with her or he is acting like this maybe because he is finding the standard pressure very annoying. Mrs Bennet can be the cause of that, because they way she acts show how desperate she is about get her daughters hook up with and Mr Darcy finds it very annoying. Mr Bringleys sisters h usband offers Mr Darcy to dance with many ladies only when he refuses to because he doesnt find anyone some(prenominal) attractive, he also refuses to dance with Elizabeth and when says that she, in particular, is not pretty enough for him to ask her to dance.Mrs Bennets daughter Elizabeth hear that, but being a very simple and down to Earth kind of a person she ignored it. The Novel starts with showing how curious and crazy Mrs Bennet is about getting all her daughters married to rich men, which is not good for her daughters future. This way they might find men who are rich but they wont be able to stay happy with them later on in life. On the other(a) hand Mr Bennet being the father of all these girls shows no interest in what Mrs Bennet is up to. He is a very sensible man and is going to let his daughters decide who they want to join. In the beginning of the novel when Mrs Bennet finds out that Mr Bringley is moving to their neighbourhood she tells Mr Bennet to go meet him s o he could get close to the family, (because she wants Mr bringley to see one of her daughters and marry them) but Mr Bennet doesnt want to and shows no interest in this.As the novel moves on we will see that Mrs Bennets pressure is going to cause her daughters to marry guys they wont be happy with, later on in life. They might marry these guys because of their arrest wants them to, and because of that they wont stay happy with them. Elizabeth Bennet is a very simple girl and would want to marry someone who is very simple and has no attitude unlike Mr Darcy. She would want a loving and condole with husband, but as I see it she might end up marring Mr Darcy because of her mothers pressure on her, or it can be possible that she would herself want to marry Mr Darcy because they both might fall in be intimate and build up good relationship.

Career Apparel and Uniform Essay Example for Free

calling Apparel and Uniform EssayCareer and Uniform apparel becomes a necessity for many Americans in the overwork place. Now a days, many people characterize or stereo lineament curtain suppose sights base on what people break off. For example, a legal philosophy officer, a security, and an army solger can non be able to distinguish without their uniform. In contrast, people that works in the corporation word they do not have to wear uniform, to distinguish them from others. withal, headmasters have to followed a nip code guide line. This guideline helps the professional to a good first impression in the workforce. For this assignments, I interviewed two gentlemans that uses charge apparel as well as uniform. Sammy haddad, which job is internal auditor for KPMG, and Mickey Walker, which jobs is a police officer in Seagoville Tx.Whether career apparel or uniform, each of my interviewers is has their individualised opinion about their type of apparel that they have to wear during work hours. Sammy haddad, auditor for KPMG, has to wear business causal clothe close to any day. His get garbed code is a collar shirt with long sleeves tuck in with dress slacks. However, there are some days that Sammy has to meet with clients for business meetings and his company requires him to wear suits. Sammys personal opinion is that he hates wear suits, especially in Texas because sometimes his meetings are far from his offices. On the hand, paddy field walker the police officer found his uniform very practical and utilitarian for the performance of his job. However his does not like how thick is the fabric and uncountable to wear during summer time.Without any questions, to be able to wear career apparel the professional needs to have a budget to be able to give the career apparel. For example, Sammys annual income is $75.000 and he purchase his own wardrobe. Every year, Sammys buys three dress shits and two dress pants at brooks brothers, he purchase a su it every tree long time and for the rest of the year he purchase items on sale at banana republic. In contrast, Mickeys annual income is 52.00 a year. His department pays for two uniforms every tree years and if he needs other uniforms he has to purchase it with his own money.Over all, career apparel and uniforms has a propose in their own work classification. In Sammy haddads case, the career apparel a most, because it gives him cre dibility, authority, professionalism and is good for the work environmental during work and after work hours. The only thing that he dislike about the dress code is that he has to pay the cleaners services. The other perspective is Mickeys, he likes his uniform middling because it gives him authority, and it distinguish him from other in case of emergency.Finally, career apparel and uniform are necessary for changelings jobs. Both of the jobs requires the professional to dress in a matter that shows the valued for their work position and sometime inc ase of emergencies it helps the people to distinguish the authority.

Designing a Biosphere Essay Example for Free

conception a Biosphere EssayTo go away with the biosphere exit be pumped with oxygen from oxygen canisters, plants exit be introduced as well as simple life forms that use oxygen to respire. Hopefully the delicate sense of balance of oxygen and carbondioxide will cycle around through plant and life form, from the processes of respiration and photosynthesis. Where the plant will use CO2 to make push button needed and will respire oxygen which will be useful for the life forms. I suggest simple life forms same bacterium or plankton to start with. A constant flow of air from a chamber of plants and organisms could be established to create a respiratory circuit.Maximise production of food To begin the plants grown will be edible, and to maximise their exploitation they would be fed constant light and mania. The biosphere is an excellent insulator of heat so if kept at the right temperature the crops should thrive. I suggest constant light, so UV light supplements during ni ght time hours to maximise growth efficiency. I also intend to use GM plants to make use of the benefits they could bring like certain health benefits to help lessen the chance of disease. Water Introducing bittie irrigation systems through the biosphere from small ponds coif up in a biosphere.It will be filtered with constant recycle so a pumping come in will be on hand at all times. This should also help minimise military personnel waste. Water will be introduced it will be brought at first from earth but will hopefully cycle around itself. The technology will be taken from an example of the biosphere in Cornwall. poultry and Pork After a time animals like pigs and chickens will be introduced, these animals ar good for nerve centre and eggs. Pigs are useful for also tackling waste as they eat almost anything and all body part are edible. Chickens provide eggs and meat. ThermalTo provide heat I would use solar energy to powerfulness heaters in the biosphere at night all ac tivity would have to cease to keep power storage from being drained. Waste problems No packaging would be used in the biosphere all cuttings and peelings are recycled into compost as well as dead animals and plants. boththing that can be given to the pigs will be. Any rubbish will be burned at a quiet area. Sustainability To make it sustainable I would use recycled everything, plants and meat are reared in the dome and heat is sourced renewably. Water, oxygen and CO2 are recycled oer and over, waste is limited. Problems encountedThe hardest problem in making the idea work would be getting to mars in the first place and getting all the plants organisms and buildings on the surface. The hardest problem faced then if it works is a growing population of humans, plants and other organisms. My Design A simple disembodied spirit at the outside. Several small domes connected up to a large central hub where I would imagine the humans live. The inside would look alot more like this. Plants grown in rows maximise space. Irrigation systems watering the plants. Composted soil giving nutrients. Solar heat source 24 hours a day. O2 CO2 recycling through fans.

Customer Service Essay Example for Free

Customer go EssayHandoutIn this Session, you extradite learned about The principles, policies and procedures of your brass section How your face communicates its principles to employees Your organisations policies and encrypts of practice Consultations on changes to principles, policies and procedures Issues of familiar concern relating to your industry and organisation.Principles, policies and proceduresPrinciples are the foundation of a system of beliefs at heart an organisation. Principles are the philosophy of the organisation, illustrating how the organisation thinks. A policy is a definite course of action follow by an organisation, which guides employees and helps them put principles into practice. Customer service policies are similar in many organisations, but well-nigh may be tailored to fit your organisations specific principles. A procedure is a series of steps to be followed to correctly answer the telephone, deal with complaints, give refunds and so forth O rganisations tend to have their own specific procedures.Communicating principles to employeesAn organisation may communicate its principles to employees in the following waysThe enlisting processReading materialGroup discussions Appraisals and feedback Improving team performancePrinciples may be give wayed into the enlisting process. Interviewees asked about the organisations principles. Organisation handbook and vision statement include principles. This may be the first thing new recruits learn about the organisation. Printing out principles and posting them in the dresser ensures they feature in every employees day. Principles could be printed on commonly used items. Hearing principles larn out is more effective for some. Managers and team leaders remind employees of principles. Discussion of whether an employee adheres to principles may be exposit of a formal review. Company awards are used to publicise principles. Company away-days and team-building exercises are opportuniti es to remind employees of principles. Team-building tasks could be centred on principles.Policies and decrees of practiceA compute of practice is a set of written rules or standards outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, an employee or organisation. An industry-wide code of practice is often defined by a trade sleeper or professional body. Policies tend to be written by an organisation and based on an industry-wide code of practice. Your organisation might make you aware of its policies or code of practice by issue the code of practice/policies on their website or the intranet Emailing updates to the code of practice and policies to all employees Including the code of practice and policies in the organisation handbook Basing appraisals or feedback systems around policies / code of practice Indicating the trade association/professional body who wrote the code of practice.Consultations on changeIf you are consulted on changes, your opinion is considered by tho se making the decision. Ways to consult employees on changes to principles, policies and procedures include Small group meetings (face-to-face or via a video conference) Questionnaire Discussion with line manager/team leader Intranet bulletins or a FAQ page Email Team bulletins Monthly newsletter Letter A trade union/employee representative or staff council.How you are consulted depends on the size and structure of your organisation, employee work practices and the information being communicated. If your organisation has 50+ employees, you have the right to request an Information and Consultation arrangement.Issues of public concernIssues of public concern relating to your industry or organisation could include Product recall and guest safety is your product/service safe and reliable? Confidentiality do you store customer information steadfastly? Accessibility is it easy to contact your organisation/use your services? Quality is product/service bear on to competitors? Respons iveness how quickly will you respond to a customer and resolve problems? Value customers do you cheer your customers and treat them appropriately?Finances are accounts transparent and investments ethical? Wider concerns public health, economy, environment, exploitation of workers etc. Your organisation may deal with issues of public concern by Establishing stringent testing and health and safety processes Ensuring vary and easily accessed means of communicating with the organisation Investing in public relations to communicate in effect with the public Establishing clear customer service policies, making them available to the public and ensuring that staff adhere to these policies Publishing the organisations accounts Publishing a code of practice relating to the organisations economic, ethical, environmental responsibilities etc.

An Elephant Vanishes Essay Example for Free

An Elephant Vanishes EssayExplain the role of the kitchen in Like Water For umber by Laura Esquivel and The Elephant Vanishes by Murakami. In Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel, fodder and the kitchen is a means of expressing a range of human emotions. Like Water for Chocolate opens with its most important central setting, the kitchen. Onion-induced sagging quite liter on the wholey sweeps the protagonist, Tita, into the world, as she is born in the kitchen, crying, amidst of flood of her m otherwises tears. Her mother, Mama Elena, is unable to produce draw (due to shock at the recent death of her husband) and Mama Elena gives Tita almost immediately to the house cook, Nacha, who rears the youngster in the kitchen. Surrounded by the colours, smells, and r step forwardines of Nachas kitchen, Tita grows up understanding the world in terms of forage. She enjoys her isolation in the existence of the kitchen. Thanks to her unusual birth, Tita felt a deep love for the ki tchen where she spent most of her living from the day she was born page 10, paragraph two.The story of Titas entry into the world marks the first fantastical character of Like Water for Chocolate, initiating the reader into the novels wizard(prenominal)al realism and illustrating the intensity and improbability that characterise the events of the story. The image of Tita flux into the world in a flood of tears prefigures the sadness and longing that will pervade her breeding. later Titas birth, the flood of tears dries to leave ten pounds of salt to be collected and used for cooking.The practical stance with which the characters greet this surreal happening helps to establish the supernatural as an accepted part of the characters lives. Nacha swept diversion the residue the tears had left on the red st one floor, There was enough salt to come across a ten-pound-sack- it was used for cooking and lasted a long time page 10, paragraph two. Outside the kitchen, Tita follows the demanding authorities that Mama Elena sets for her daughters. Life is full of cooking, cleaning, sewing, and prayer. This r pop outine is interrupted one day by Titas timid resolution that a suitor, Pedro Muzquiz, would like to pay her a visit.Mama Elena greets this announcement with indignation, invoking the De La Garza family tradition that the youngest daughter is to die hard unmarried so that she can care for the matriarch in the matriarchs old age. Tita is dismayed by this unbending tradition. Outwardly, she submits to Mama Elenas wishes, but privately she questions the family tradition and avers her feelings for Pedro. you dont save an opinion Tita and thats all I want to hear about it. For generations, not a single in my family has ever questioned this tradition and no daughter of mine is going to be the one to start page 15, paragraph 3This stale hearted appraoch to Titas yearning for marriage is what makes Tita retreat into the safe realm of the ktichen, I think th e reason why magic realism was applied to food is because of how universal it is. Whereas music and art only apply to some of us, food is in all of our lives. Since magic realism is all about mixing the magic with whats real, food is the ideal choice. Weve all heard of metaphors exaggerating the taste of food, but Laura Esquivels descriptions of the effects of food are overmuch to a greater extent elaborate.Its so descriptive that sometimes we doubt our ideals of whats real by tuition the effects of the recipes. By using food as the medium the author was able to smoothly run together the magical and real aspects of each chapter. Her isolated childhood in the kitchen gives Tita an outlook on life different from that of her sisters, Gertrudis and Rosaura, and she comes to develop different ideals for herself as she matures. As a young woman, Tita rebels over against the family tradition that confines her to a life without love.Her insistent questioning (even though she does not pe tition Mama Elena directly) of her lot in life can be identified as one of the feminist impulses in the novel. This refusal to accept an assigned and unenviable social role marks the beginning of Titas path to self-assertion and freedom. Her love for the kitchen and cooking is a rebelious follow up against her mother, her realm of the kitchen is the only thing that her mother can not control or do, the kitchen is what keeps her sane from the demoralize sitution on the other side of the door. it wasnt easy for a person whose knowledge of life was establish on the kitchen to comprehend the outside world. That world was an endless expanse that began atthe door between the kitchen and the rest of the house, whereas everything on the kitchen side of that door, on through the door leading to the patio and the kitchen and herb gardens was completely hers-it was Titas realm. This quotes proves my request above, the kitchen door acts as a safe guard to the oppressive realm of her mother s. In an Elephant vanishes one of the major themes of the story is the idea of things being out of balance.This theme is introduced when the narrator tells the editor about the vastness of wholeness in kitchen design, as he states, Even the most beautifully designed item dies if it is out of balance with its surroundings. The narrator later emphasizes the importance of balance between a creature and its environment when he talks about witnessing the change in the elephants size in relation to the keepers size. He states that the balance in size between the two has become more equal, because the elephant has shrunk or the keeper has gotten bigger, or both.Following the slicing of the elephant and the keeper, the narrator again expresses the idea that things around me have lost their proper balance. He is no endless able to take action on his own behalf, as he is haunted by this horse sense that the urban world is out of balance, and he feels that a kind of natural balance has broken scratch off inside him. The imbalance between Titas kitchen and outside the kitchen can relate to the elephant vanishes. Tita fells safe in the kitchen and at peace with the old kitchen keeps her in balance.Related to the theme of imbalance is the difference between appearances and domain. The narrator points out that the article covering the story of the elephants disappearance is strange, because the reporter tries so hard to maintain that the elephant escaped, when the facts indicate that the elephant had to have almost magically vanished. The characters in the story try to maintain an appearance of normality in the construction of an event that defies logic, leading to pointless acts that do not address the nature of the situation.The discrepancy between reality and appearances also arises in the narrators calling as he basically just goes through the motions, trying to maintain a professional, pragmatic approach although he does not personally believe that a kitchen has to have unity or any of the other maxims his company invokes to sell its products. The narrator finds that he cannot reconcile the differences between appearances and reality, and as he questions his own perceptions, he experiences a sense of disorientation and confusion.Throughout the story, Murakami subtly reveals how the vanishing of the old slipway leaves people feeling disoriented and how the new ways of being create a sense of gulf and unease. This can be said about Mama in Like water for chocolate as she is does not like the idea of Tita marrying . She is scared of modern society perhaps, and is insecure about her future. Mamas death The narrator, for example, performs his job as a public relations executive successfully by espousing the commercial viewpoint that things you tip sell dont count for much. Because in truth he does not necessarily believe this statement, saying it and operational from this pragmatic mode seem to confound the narrator, confusing him about his purpose in life. Like other Murakami characters, he is also a loner, a single person, living alone with no apparent ties to family or friends also this can be said to Mama Elena, she has distanced herself from her loved ones through the death of her grand child and of the cruelty committed to Tita .The narrator watches the elephant and the keeper and marvels at their closeness, their special bond. In the wake of the elephants disappearance, the narrator feels despondent, more isolated and alone than ever. As is Tita at the end of the novel after Pedro dies. Now it would never again be possible to see that light, because she could no longer feel anything. She would but wander through the shadows for eternity, alone, all alone.

Network Case Study Essay Example for Free

Ne iirk Case Study Essay1. Which of the succeeding(a) is true close a transmission control protocol/IP ne twainrk? A) The ne iirk uses only standards dressd in transmission control protocol/IP RFCs. 2. Which of the following terms is not a common synonym for transmission control protocol/IP model? (Choose two answers.) D) TCP/IP mapping and C) Ethernet 3. Think generic whollyy some the idea of a networking standard, ignoring any particular standard or standards group. Which of the following is typically true of a standard? (Choose two answers.) B) It exists as a deployed network device, which people can visit on the Internet. C) It has been passed through some chassis of review and approval or certification process. 4. Contrast an international standard as compared to a de facto standard. (Choose two answers.) B) International standard documents have been reviewed more thoroughly. D) International standards typically mean that the standards group has been authorized by man y countries to create standards that apply to multiple countries. 5. Which of the following are true about the commonly apply version of the TCP/IP model as shown in this chapter? (Choose two answers.) C) The physical layer sits only when below the data link layer. D). The network layer sits in the middle of the five layers.6. The TCP/IP model refers to standards other than those the IETF defines in RFCs. Which of these standards groups is typically the source of external LAN standards? (Choose two answers.) A) ITU B) IEEE 7. Which of the following is not a typical reason for a group of ten companies to start a vendor group, for the train of pushing a vernal networking technology? C) To improve the chances that the technology will be standardized 8. The TCP/IP and OSI models have some obvious differences, like the number of layers. Think about the more commonly used version of the TCP/IP model dealed in this chapter, and then think about how to express about TCP/IP using OSI terms. Which of the following is a correctly phrased statement for how to use OSI linguistic communication? B) IP is a network layer protocol. 9. Historically, which of the following models were the earliest models used in corporate networks? A) vender models 10. Which of the following statements is true when comparing the OSI and the TCP/IP model as defined in RFC 1122? B) The dispirit four layers of TCP/IP define the same kinds of functions as the matching layer numbers from OSI.11. A network engineer connects two PCs (PC1 and PC2) using Ethernet NICs and an Ethernet cable that has copper wires inside. The two PCs communicate successfully. Which ofthe following happens when PC1 sends bits to PC2? D)PC1 converts the bits to weighty waves, and the NIC uses an A/D converter to send the data over the cable. 12. A TCP/IP network includes an Ethernet LAN with 10 PCs uses a LAN switch. PC1 sends data intended for an app running on PC2. Which of the following mechanisms does Ethernet define so that PC2 receives and processes the data? A)The Ethernet header lists PC2s MAC address so that PC2 will realize that the data is meant for PC2. 13. Two network pros are having a conversation about some issues in a network. They discuss some issues related to how palatopharyngoplasty forwards data, so they happen to be discussing the data structure that includes the PPP header and trailer. Which of the following terms do they use? B) Packet14. Which of the following are true facts about IP addresses? (Choose two answers.) C) Are listed in the data-link trailer D) Used by routers to make a forwarding decision 15. Which of the following answers is true about Ethernet MAC addresses? A) 48 bits in length C) Are listed in the data-link trailer 16. Which of the following statements is true comparing LANs and WANs? (Choose two answers.) A) LANs generally connect devices that are nearer to for each one other, compared to WANs. D) LANs are purchased, and WANs are leased. 17. Wh ich of the following answers list true facts about the data link layer of TCP/IP? (Choose two answers.) B) Two TCP/IP data-link protocols are Ethernet and PPP. C) Data-link protocols define addresses that identify devices connected to the primal physical link. 18. Which of the following answers list true facts about the network layer of TCP/IP? (Choose two answers.) B) The two primary protocols are TCP and IP. C) IP provides logical addressing and routing services19. Which of the following answers lists true facts about the transport layer of TCP/IP? B) The two primary protocol options are TCP and IP. C) TCP provides error recovery services to application layer protocols that use TCP. 20. A PC user opens a web browser and sends a request to a web server to load a new web page. Three routers forward the data as it passes from knob to server. Consider the data plus all headers and trailers that go from the web client to the web server. Which of the following headers go all the way f rom the web client to the web server? (Choose three answers.) A)Data-link header B) Network layer header C) Transport layer header

Issuing the Draft Essay Example for Free

Issuing the Draft EssayIn response to the first argument in favor of volunteer enlistment, I would counter that the overall effect would continue to support the status quo in that privileged and wealthy Americans would not have an pressing need to enlist. Due to this economic division amid classes, the lower class sector would continue to be the majority of soldiers because of a lack of better options in civilian society. In this general sense the moral of the volunteer would not increase but would bear on either indifferent or resentful. Making the draft mandatory could be seen as an equalizing force that supports the ism that all men are created equal, whether or not that be the case. Response to spot argument Responding to the second argument against the draft due to the lack of funding by the part of the government, I would contend that the volunteering human face would cut the overall size of the military because of the negative perspective that the government is mis-ap propriating their funds.If this were the case, volunteers would feel no urgent necessity to enlist because they would feel their efforts would not be recognized or supported sufficiently plenty to warrant such a life changing decision. Although I agree that volunteers who join causes they believe in will ultimately perform with more vigor, in this case the moral boost would be ever-vanishing.

A Report On Bios And Cmos Computer Science Essay

A Report On Bios And Cmos Computer Science EssayThis is a written assignment where students argon compulsory to write a report on BIOS and CMOS. Describe the different types of BIOS and CMOSs and what atomic number 18 the current technologies and personal mannerls for BIOS and CMOSs. Students bump mangleer also address what atomic number 18 the likely symptoms for BIOS and CMOSs failures and how to fix them.Plagiarism Detector http//www.plagiarismdetect.com. All you need to do is paste/upload your memorandum file and hit the analyze exclusivelyton. It will map the document with any available online resources. Students are required to print and attach the outcome in their report (acceptable percentage of similarity BIOS is the short form of prefatorial Input Output System program that starts when you turn on your ready reckoner. It checks each(prenominal) of your hardware to ensure they all nourish mogul and are working. BIOS is actually firmware, the software that is p rogrammed into a fixed storage (Read-Only Memory) chip on the mother posting of a computer.BIOS is nearthing that makes the dodging run on an initial Power-On Self-Test of the computer, initialize circuits, load the boot program from the startup record, and whence handle low-level I/O peripheral controllers such(prenominal) as keyboard and screen. It has several different categories you buttocks see your BIOS by paying attention to the screen when it first starts up, in that respect will be a screen with few seconds duration. The BIOS is typically placed in a ROM chip that comes with the computer (it is oft called the BIOS ROM). This ensures that the BIOS will always be available and will not be damaged by disk failures. It also makes it possible for a computer to boot itself. Be ground RAM is faster than ROM, however, many an(prenominal) computer clays object manufacturers so that the BIOS is copied from ROM to RAM each clip the computer is started. This is known as sha dowing. Many advanced(a) PCs have newsflash BIOS, which means that the BIOS have been recorded on a flash memory chip, which rat be up reckond if necessary.The PC BIOS is fairly standardized, so all PCs are similar at this level (although there are different BIOS versions). other(a) DOS functions are usually added through software modules. This means you stand upgrade to a newer version of DOS without changing the BIOS.PC BIOS that can handle Plug and fetch (PnP) are known as PnP BIOS-es, or PnP BIOS current. These BIOS-es are always implemented with flash memory rather than ROM.CMOSsemiconductor unit complementary metal oxide (CMOS) is a type of semiconductor chip that holds data without requiring external power source. In a personal computer (PC), CMOS has the basic instructions the computer needs to initialize its hardware and start-up. These settings are known as the basic parameters of input-output administration (BIOS), also called the CMOS settings.CMOS control a vari ety of functions, including the Power on Self Test ( game). When the computer power switched on, CMOS will run a series of controls to ensure that the corpse works properly. One of these controls includes counting memory (RAM). This start-up time delays, so some people disable this rollick in the CMOS settings, opting for a quick start. If you install new RAM, it is preferable to activate until the RAM has been verified. Once put up has completed, CMOS runs through its other settings. Hard drives and formats are detected and Redundant Array of Independent Disk (RAID) configurations, the start-up preferences, the forepart of peripheral and tweaks for over timeing. Many parameters can be changed manually in the CMOS setup screen to cleanse performance.However, changes must be made by experienced users. Changing the settings wrong can make the system unstable, causing accidents, or even prevent the computer from starting. The CMOS setup screen is accessed during the POST phase mo de, by pressing a button before the operating system boots. Normally it is the Delete key but it could be another. A line of text will indicate which button the user in the CMOS or BIOS setup screen. Changes can be made from an operating system like Microsoft Windows, but must be done in a true DOS session. There is also an option to protect the CMOS settings by requiring a password to change settings. The changes are saved to the output by pressing the F10 key, and then the computer restarts to use the new settings.The system uses what is called a CMOS Checksum error code as a detector. Whenever you change the BIOS settings, the checksum is generated by adding all the bytes in the CMOS memory, then store the lowest byte of the sum. Then, whenever the system is booted, the system recalculates the checksum and compares the stored value. If they are different, the system knows that the CMOS has been change in some way and will notify you via an error, usually something like CMOS Chec ksum Error. There are many different types of batteries used to power the CMOS, for the nigh part they have evolved over time as engineering science has evolved. These batteries are discussed here. You will not normally deal with the CMOS memory directly it contains the parameters that you enter the BIOS setup. Over time, it is possible that you have problems CMOS, for example, you may find that the machine can begin to forget its settings when it is started. These are usually signs of problems with the battery on the motherboard.(Figure-1)(Figure-2)(Figure-3)CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES AND MODELS FOR BIOS AND CMOSBIOS Version 5020 SOX5810J.86A.5020.2010.0224.0938About This retail store February 24, 2010 SATA RAID option ROM 8.9.0.1023 local area network Option ROM Intel(R) hurry Agent PXE GE v1.3.24 LAN Option ROM Intel(R) Boot Agent PXE hateful Code (PXE-2.1 build086)New Fixes/Features Added support for Intels 6-core desktop processor, codenamed Gulftown. Fixed watchdog timer and host clock display essences for XTU2. Fixed anaesthetize that was causing IFlash and Express BIOS Update to fail on subsequent flash modifys. Reduced pre-video boot time by about 7 seconds. Added support to check the IOH stepping and if it is a B2 or earlier then set QPI Power Management default setting to disabled and if it is a B3 or later then set the default to enabled. Fixed setup option default setting for mainframe computer C-States to be enabled and IMON to be disabled. Fixed issue with watchdog timer when running in the operating system and changing from one processor to another. Fixed XMP related issues When an XMP profile was selected the host clock was unchangeable. When selecting Automatic mode the Uncore Multiplier was being set to 22 instead of the proper system default. When selecting Manual mode the stripped supported ratio between Memory proportionality and the Uncore Multiplier will be used establish on the processor installed. Fixed issue where the PC C ompliance bit was being set wrong causing Secondary Boot Request to cause some cards to fail to train right. mark VT to be enabled by default. Fixed issue preventing greater than 160 for the Host Clock.BIOS Version 4598 SOX5810J.86A.4598.2009.1211.1321About This Release December 11, 2009 SATA RAID Option ROM 8.9.0.1023 LAN Option ROM Intel(R) Boot Agent PXE GE v1.3.24 LAN Option ROM Intel(R) Boot Agent PXE Base Code (PXE-2.1 build 086)New Fixes/Features*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Added XTU 2.0 support. Fixed F9 default value for TDC, TDP, and Turbo Ratio. Fixed watchdog timer and host clock display issues for XTU2. Fixed a setup display issue for 5-Core Ratio Limit. Fixed a display issue with the Turbo Boost Technology in setup when a processor is installed that does not have 4 cores. Updated processor support.BIOS Version 4405 SOX5810J.86A.4405.2009.1020.1419About This Release October 20, 2009 SATA RAID Option ROM 8.9.0.1023 LAN Option ROM Intel(R) Boot Agent PXE GE v1.3.24 LAN Option ROM Intel(R) Boot Agent PXE Base Code (PXE-2.1 build 086)New Fixes/Features Updated processor support. Enabled the selection of Video Device gibe to the Primary Video Adapter setup option. Expanded the default size of the NVS memory allocation. Blocked the on-board LAN PXE dispatch when on-board LAN is disabled. Fixed issue where the default video device was not set illuminately if two video cards of same vendor and device id was present in system. Fixed issue where certain SATA RAID controller failed to boot according to the boot order. Fixed issue where system hangs at POST code 0xBA with two SATA optical drives attached and certain media in one drive. Fixed issue where certain SATA RAID controller failed to resume from S3. Added feature to block compressed BMP files from use as a custom logo with Intel Integrator Toolkit. Enabled BIOS Setup to always be reset even if iFlash2 is interrupted when /f flag is set.WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BIOS AND CMOS?Many people use the term BIOS (Basic Input / Output System) and CMOS (Complementary coat Oxide Semiconductor) interchangeably, but in reality, they are distinct, yet related, components of a computer. The BIOS is a computer program that starts up, and the CMOS is where the BIOS stores the date, time and detail of system configuration needed to start the computer. The BIOS is a small program that controls the computer from the time it powers on, until the time the operating system takes over. The BIOS firmware, which means its, cannot store the variable data. CMOS is a type of memory technology, but most people use this term to refer to the chip that stores data variables for booting. A computers BIOS to initialize and control components such as controllers and hard disk drive and the computer hardware clock, but the proper(postnominal) parameters for the startup and low-level formatting of components are stored in CMOS.In addition to the standard CMOS memo ry used to store system settings, BIOS Plug and Play use a nonvolatile memory upgrade to keep the extended system configuration data (ESCD). It is used to save the configurations of the devices of system resources when Plug and Play is used.Type of BIOSPhoenixIBMAMIAwardType of CMOS stamp batteryCoin Cell BatteriesPS2 Computer Clock BatteryBIOS AND CMOSS FAILURES AND HOW TO FIX THEMCMOS checksum error mostly will occurs when CMOS value was incorrect. There is few option may occurs the failure as below.Bad or old CMOS battery.BIOS modify.Removing power from the computer without shutting down the computer.POST errors.The SolutionBad or old CMOS battery exertion restarting the computer. If the error persists after restarting the computer to enter the CMOS setup and check all values, which include verifying the date and time are correct. Once everything has been checked and / or changed be sure to save and exit the CMOS setup.If everything looks correct and the problem persists try re setting the defaults in CMOS and / or Reset Configuration Data. excess schooling on how to locomote can be set up on document CH000976.Note If this problem persists after you turn off your computer off, it is possible that the CMOS battery may be faulty or already ill. Before hold on replacing the CMOS battery to try to leave your computer on for several days. Additional information on replacing the CMOS battery can be found on document CH000239.Computer sternly offIf the computer had been disconnected the power while still running it is possible that this may cause the CMOS to be corrupted. Make sure the computer is ready to be cut before turning off the computer. If you have a laptop so that battery is charged before disconnecting the electrical connection.If the CMOS values have been damaged by launching values in the CMOS setup and saving CMOS and the output should solve your problems. Additional information about entering the BIOS setup can be found on document CH000192.B IOS update recently completedif youve recently released a BIOS update on the computer values stored in the CMOS can be reset. Enter CMOS setup and re-enter all the appropriate values. Additional information about entering the BIOS setup can be found on document CH000192.If you are unable to enter the BIOS or after the execution of a BIOS your computer is no wanter values the incorrect BIOS update may have been installed on your computer or the downloaded version may be corrupted. We suggest you try to update the BIOS and / or go back to an earlier version. Additional assistance and information with the BIOS updates can be found on document CH000236.POST errorEach BIOS manufacturer has its own diagnostic codes to identify specific errors. You need to consult the documentation for specifying the BIOS regorge codes. Many motherboard manufacturers will use code similar to the pilot IBM POST codes, which are summarized in the table below. If you get a single beep, all is good. In some cases, these beeps are also accompanied by a diagnostic code you also look in the BIOS documentation.Beep CodeIBM POST Beep Codes DescriptionOne short beepNormal POST System is OkayTwo short beepsPOST error Error code shown on-screenNo beepPower supply or system board problemContinuous beepPower supply, system board or keyboard problemRepeating short beepsPower supply or system board problemOne long and one short beepsSystem board problemOne long an two short beepsDisplay adapter problem MDA,CGA