Ach Essays - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety Disorders

Ach Essays - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety Disorders Ach Magnolia Therapeutic Solutions Case Study Magnolia Therapeutic Solutions is a nonprofit organization in New York City that specializes in psychotherapy for individuals diagnosed with Post Traumatic Syndrome Disorder (PTSD). The organization was created in 1998 by Mary Stewart. Mary recognized a significant demand for therapeutic services in NYC for individuals suffering from PTSD. Despite a large body of research showing the positive effects of psychotherapy on PTSD symptoms, at the time, there were very few organizations in NYC that specialized in the use of professional psychotherapeutic services to work with PTSD individuals. Seizing the opportunity to provide a much needed service, Mary established Magnolia Therapeutic Solutions (henceforth referred to as Magnolia) and ran the organization as the Executive Director. Due to the unique position of the organization and a number of funding sources willing to provide start-up grants to Magnolia, the organization grew quite quickly. In 1998, the organization began with six employees, and each employee wore many different hats to ensure the sustainability and growth of the organization. However, by 2000, the organization?s staff size had grown to 34. Thanks to the continued growth of demand for services and the tangential supply of grant money, the organization was performing quite well. Staff members were now no longer required to perform more than their main task, the annual budget was now over $1.3 million, and the organization had already received many prestigious awards and accolades for the services that they have performed for NYC. On September 11, 2001, NYC suffered one of the most devastating acts of terror ever inflicted on the United States. The NYC local government was quick to act and immediately called in a variety of services to provide assistance in the overall relief effort. Magnolia, having been noted for its specialty in PTSD services, was asked to attend to the needs of the upsurge of individuals suffering from PTSD because of the terrorist attack. NYC provided a sizable, 1-year grant to the organization to help it meet capacity issues that resulted from increased demand for services. Subsequently, Magnolia hired more counselors and used the remaining grant money to increase other administrative services within the organization. The assistance Magnolia was able to provide to the PTSD victims of the terrorist attack was substantial. Considering the great success that the organization enjoyed, when constructing the 2002 budget, Mary insisted that Magnolia included the 1-year grant that it received for 2001 because she believed that the grant would be renewed for 2002. Additionally, despite the ailing economy, Mary placed steeper demands on the development department to raise even more money than 2001 by budgeting anticipated grant revenue higher for 2002. The total budget was $2 million dollars and was approved by the organization?s board of directors. If you were on the board faced with the decision to approve or reject this budget, what would you do Ultimately, the organization suffered a $500,000 shortfall in the 2002 budget when the large city grant was not renewed and revenue fell short of predictions. Subsequently, Mary was forced to layoff one third of the staff. This had a very large and negative affect on the remaining staff and caused the organization to stagnate over the next few years. Martin, L. L. (2001). Financial management for human service administrators. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Platos Ring Of Gyges Essays - Platonism, Ancient Greek Philosophers

Plato's Ring Of Gyges Essays - Platonism, Ancient Greek Philosophers Plato's Ring Of Gyges The Ring of Gyges The story of the Ring of Gyges is an excerpt from book two of Plato's The Republic, in which Glaucon disagrees with Socrates and insists that people act moral because they lack the power to behave otherwise. In an effort to support his claim, Glaucon recites the tale of Gyges. In this paper, I will include a brief history of Plato, a description of the Ring of Gyges, and discuss how the story may affect our present lives. Plato was born in 429 B.C. in Athens, Greece, to Ariston and Perictione. Plato's real name was Aristocles, and 'Plato' (meaning 'the broad') was a nickname given either from the width of his shoulders, or from the size of his forehead. When Plato was a young man he became a disciple of Socrates, learning the value of reason and philosophy. Plato was in military service from 409 B.C. to 404 B.C., but at this time he wanted to pursue politics rather than a military career. At the end of the war he joined the Oligarchy of the Thirty Tyrants, but their violent acts resulted in Plato leaving quickly. In 403 B.C. a restoration of democracy in Athens began, and Plato had great hopes of reentering politics. However, the execution of Socrates in 399 B.C. had an immense effect on Plato and he decided on having nothing further to do with politics in Athens. Plato left Athens after Socrates had been executed and traveled in Egypt, Sicily, and Italy. Upon his return to Athens, in about 387 B.C., Plato founded the Academy, an institution devoted to research and instruction in philosophy and science. Plato was disappointed with the ethics of those in public office (JOC 1). The Academy's primary goal was to educate citizens for statesmanship (Sahakian 35). Plato presided over his Academy in Athens until his death in 347 B.C. (JOC 1). The Ring of Gyges is a story written by Plato in an attempt to force the reader to evaluate his or her own sense of morality. In this story, Gyges worked as a shepherd for the king of Lydia. An earthquake opened up the ground where Gyges' flock was feeding. Inside this opening lay a bronze horse with doors. Inside these doors was a dead body with a golden ring. Gyges pulled the ring from the dead and climbed from the hole. He later joined his fellow shepherds to make a regular report to the king about his sheep. As he sat and toyed with his ring, Gyges noticed that when he turned the setting around on his finger he became invisible to all. He then became a messenger from the shepherds to the court; Gyges took his pleasure and seduced the queen. He later conspired with queen and killed the king, taking control of Lydia. After the story is told, Glaucon asks Socrates to imagine that two magic rings exist. A just individual has one ring, and an unjust person holds the other. Glaucon argues that no man could resist the temptation of taking what is not his, therefore the actions of the just would be as the actions of the unjust. This may affirm to be proof that a man is good, not willingly, but of necessity. If self-indulgence can be practiced without fear of punishment, then the tendency for being unjust will prevail (Jowett 257). What would one do if one possessed a magic ring? One could argue that there is a resemblance between Gyges and President Clinton. The President is a very skillful politician, a master of evasive talk. Plato states, A man who uses his power in the endless pursuit of the delights of the flesh possess the soul of a tyrant. Plato also understood that democracy is susceptible to a certain form of tyranny: the rule of a generous government, catering to the public's needs and wants in exchange for their freedom. Could one associate Plato's idea of a tyrant with the actions of President Clinton? The President has squeezed out of every tight spot in which he has landed. Clinton's cleverness may lead him to think he possesses a Gyges' ring of invincibility. He can allow his passions and sensual desires

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Paraphrasing - Essay Example The pumping station will be self-sufficient and require no external power to pump the water to the reservoir tank. Fuel Cell is a system that can transfer the chemical energy to electrical energy. That means to convert the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to get electricity. These processes do not produce any air pollution. Hydrogen gas helps a lot in the pump station, because it can produce energy by reacting in fuel cell with oxygen to produce electricity. It acts as a basic material in this Remote Pumping Station System Project because it can generate power. The context diagram (Figure 3 in Attachment) gives the necessary information that we need to calculate to redesign the project. This diagram makes it easier to find out which formula we are going to use in calculations. Experiment 1 (Table1 in Attachment) was to determine the angle of the solar panel. We used the load measurement box of the rotary switch. We set the protractor handout at angel 0. Then we adjusted the solar to the lamp. We had to consider the distance between the solar and the lamp like 50 cm. After that, we wrote down the current (A) in CW (+) and CCW (-) in different angles between 0 and 90 by turning the solar. Experiment 2 (Table 2 in Attachment) we were able to measure the amount of hydrogen created by the electrolyte. We observed the level of hydrogen created, after each 2 ml increment on the cylinder; we wrote down the time it took to reach this increment with the current and voltage. We continued writing down the time until 10 ml of hydrogen was produced. Experiment 3(Table 3 in Attachment) was to determine the fuel cell consumption efficiency. This experiment looked like experiment 2, both of them done by creating hydrogen. When hydrogen had reached 10 ml, the light source turned off. In this time, their would be the electrolyzer storage gas in the storage cylinder. We used several formulas to get the right data for this project. The first calculation was

Scientology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Scientology - Term Paper Example Scientology can be described as a valuable study that preserves its spiritual relationship to the principles of the universe and that of other creatures (Lewis 5-100). Thesis Statement The paper intends to briefly explore the concept of Scientology and understand its various aspects. The discussion of this paper highlights major characteristics and various facts about the religion of Scientology. Moreover, the discussion also considers the major principles of Scientology and its significance in the human life through its various controversial facts. Discussion The dimension of Scientology emanates from the ‘scientia’, a Latin word which signifies knowledge and skills of each individual. According to Hubbard, â€Å"[s]cientology is the science of knowing how to know the answers. It is an organized system of axioms and processes which resolve the problem of existence† (Hubbard 25). Therefore, it can be recognized that the religion of Scientology is prepared with reg ard to the spiritual viewpoint that encloses an appropriate and practical description of the spirit and is competent to develop the spiritual behaviors. L. Ronald Hubbard also mentioned that Scientology transformed in the tradition of thousands of years of religious philosophy that significantly is considered a result of the investigation upon various religions including Veda, Buddhism, The Tao, and Christianity among others. It is a Gnostic faith which is considered as an appropriate knowledge of knowing things. Scientology can reveal that it can achieve the objectives that are set for any individuals by all religions that include human insights, good health, and immortality (Hubbard 25). In order to recognize Scientology in more expressive way, the nature and the scope of Dianetics need to be significantly identified. Dianetics can be illustrated as the fundamental concept of scientific principles of human thoughts and beliefs and is significantly related to discover the power of knowledge which is possessed within the human mind (Hubbard 7). Scientology can also be regarded as an association which relies in between religion and psychology. The approach significantly focuses to each individual in terms of properly evaluating the power of knowledge that releases full potential of an individual. The appropriate utilization of ideas or knowledge considerably provides the benefit to each individual to empower innate superhuman nature. According to the philosophical principles of Scientology, major challenges of each individual that affect in achieving desired goals include lack of confidence, physical or psychological disabilities, and psychosomatic infirmities. Elimination of such human limitations is quite essential for any individual in order to successfully achieve desired goals and objectives (Wallis, â€Å"The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology†). Major Aspects of Scientology Scientology involves two major principles that are described in its ARC and KRC triangles. ARC and KRC triangles of Scientology significantly describe the relationship between its three major concepts. The ARC triangle within the periphery of Scientology is a major aspect that significantly possesses the principles and values of Scientology, including power of knowledge and skills of individuals (Neusner 228). ARC Triangle The ARC triangle consists of three major aspects: Affinity, Reality and Communication. Affinity in

What are the motivations of people who become volunteers at major Essay

What are the motivations of people who become volunteers at major sport events - Essay Example The purpose of the research was explained and the authorities were assured that names and information would not be shared. Once the University authorities granted permission, their help was sought in identifying students that had worked as sports and non-sport volunteers. The Universities came forward will all support. Once the participants for the focus group was identified, informed consent of the participants was then taken. The responses and communication over Skype was fairly stable although at times the researcher did have to ask the respondents to repeat their answers. Connectivity being good, all the participants could express their views clearly, except for two participants who had some issues with the English language. To combat this, efforts were made to make them repeat their views so that minimum distortion in understanding takes place. Care was taken to ensure that all the participants to the focus group were between the age of 20 and 25 years, since this was focused on students’ motivation in sports volunteering. Out of a total of 12 participants in three different groups, 4 were female students and 8 male students. Students were all of Chinese nationality and hence this was a homogenous group, which enhances the responses and participation in focus group studies. This helped the researcher to make the group relax with light comments about sports and general discussions about volunteering before steering the group towards specific questions. This was an effort by the researcher to guide the group. The first group that was interviewed comprised of those who volunteer for sports. More than 50% respondents agreed that they volunteer for sports based on their interest in sports such as football. In fact some of them even play while others are sports enthusiasts. However, one of the participants in the focus group admitted that he ‘did this to help others’. Strong correlation has been found between volunteering and career prospects.

Promoting Health Internationally Essay Example for Free

Promoting Health Internationally Essay Developing countries are beset with health crises to a greater extent than their more developed counterparts. The lack of resources and the presence of numerous demanding needs causes the insufficient allocation of such resources for the addressing of health issues. In other countries, there is simply no technology to produce the necessary cures for the bigger diseases besetting their populations. Whereas in more developed countries with greater storehouse of resources there is a greater capacity to address health problems, particularly with a more developed technological platform to work from. Not only this, but developing countries have a marked decline in addressing sanitation concerns thus making for environments more prone to diseases caused by bacteria, worms, and viruses.1 With more hygienic living conditions, this is not the observed case in developing countries. Thus, a combination of non-hygienic conditions and low access to healthcare creates atmospheres for developing nations making them more prone to experiencing severe health problems. The first concern regarding health problems in developing countries is the possibility of a disease to develop which is easily transmittable from person to person. The fear of infectious diseases, particularly the fear of such diseases causing a pandemic, has had significant impact on the manner in which the global community addresses global health problems. International agencies have come up with surveillance systems to enable member countries to report incidents of infectious diseases and to better equip non-affected nations against contamination.2 The mechanism of report requires member nations to define the nature and extent of infection of the disease. This is not particularly attractive to infected nations as the reporting of diseases would adversely affect the economy of the said country. With a fear of infection, foreign investors would lower their rates of importation. This would serve to lower the economic growth of the said country. Not only this, but tourists would be fearful of visiting said foreign country and income from such investments would also decline. The stigma against the affected country would translate to a decline in the status of their economy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is in this regard that health issues of individual nations affect the global view on health. The slightest change in the ability of individual countries to provide basic resources or to contribute to the global economy would affect all other countries as a result of global interconnectedness. 3 The dependence of nations, one to the other, cannot sustain the devolution of production of goods in any one nation. Apart from moral responsibilities, this is the weightiest argument to a global perspective on health promotion. The global market favors the ensuring of wealthier nations that less affluent nations will be able to participate fully in the global trade of goods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is not considered in this model are non-infectious diseases plaguing the developing countries around the globe. There is little incentive for global agencies to address such problems since there is no showing that the same would affect citizens of foreign nations. Although the argument for providing aid for the same due to global trade considerations still stands, there is little to no initiative from private drug companies. The primary aim of such companies being profit, they are not drawn by the clamor for lower prices required in developing countries. Thus, the trend remains for drug companies to produce drugs and cures that will answer the needs of developed countries whom they can charge higher prices for the products and services they offer. Diseases plaguing impoverished nations such as malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and the like are given little attention although they may present greater threats than hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This is an unfortunate as developed nations should take it upon themselves to promote health in developing nations as well. The international community would benefit to a greater extent with the improvement of all component nations. The nations in the international community should not only consider giving aid to developing nations when the diseases may spread into their own localities but even so when the diseases may be contained domestically. The interest then should not be for global regulation of domestic plagues but it should be for international interest in holistic global health.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although drug companies refuse to focus on answering the needs of the major diseases in impoverished nations this is not to say that no organized action is being undertaken for the same. Certainly there are individuals and groups who recognize the importance of promoting health on a global scale. The World Health Organization, for example has collaborated with large pharmaceutical companies in order to bring drugs for the cure of prevalent diseases into levels of access for developing nations.4 The proposed plan is to decrease drug prices for developing nations, if the free delivery of the same is not probable, by increasing prices in affluent countries. Such a scheme would permit the subsidization of drugs by developed countries. There would thus be an equitable division of required resources in order to gain access of available cures in the market. There has also been an observed trend in scientific laboratories. Scientists capable of performing research investigating cures for diseases of poverty have shown greater inclination for the same. Funding may be an issue in the matter however, more and more charities are focusing on the aim of global health and even domestic governments are supporting the bid for finding cures for large health issues. Not only this, but movements have been made to have pharmaceutical companies share the process of production if the matter of marketing drugs at a no-profit price is not possible. Local governments or corporations could then work on producing their own drugs using the process and information shared by foreign corporations. These matters are currently being pushed by advocates worldwide. However, the international community still has much ground to cover. The problem of international health is still a major issue receiving small priority in the global scale. The problem of politicking and bureaucracy hinders advances that could be made in this field. Thus, in order to more aptly answer the problem, local policies should first be reshaped and made to realize the importance of health in the governmental platform. Furthermore, local governments should not limit themselves to addressing only their own separate needs. Garrett aptly captures the issue: Tactically, all aspects of prevention and treatment should be part of an integrated effort, drawing from countries’ finite pools of health talent to tackle all monsters at once, rather than dueling separately with individual dragons. 5 Given limited resources, in the international sense as well as in the domestic, the pooling of these same resources is the best solution to the problem of both global and local health. The vision of individual nations should be enhanced to not only address their own problems but they should start to realize the relevance in investing in a global perspective in answering health issues. Certainly, with a view of the same, advances will be made not only for short term goals of fending off singular diseases in certain nations but more so the long term goal of eradicating debilitating diseases that could potentially reappear in similar conditions or in evolved forms. The answer then is to prepare internationally for the problem of global health as the strengthening of individual platforms in individual nations will address the root issue of recurring conditions. This will serve not only to strengthen the global health system but even other sectors of concern such as trade and global relations as more and more countries invest in programs reflecting amity and gratuity. BIBILIOGRAPHY Check, Erika,â€Å"Quest for the Cure,† Foreign Policy, (2006): 28-36. Garrett, Laurie, â€Å"The Challenge of Global Health,† Foreign Affairs 86(1), (2007): 14-38. Naim, Moises and Brundtland, Gro Harlem, â€Å"The FP Interview: The Global War for Public Health,† Foreign Policy 128, (2002): 24-36. Osterholm, Michael T., â€Å"Unprepared for a Pandemic,† Foreign Affairs 86(2), (2007): 47-57. Zacher, Mark W., â€Å"Global Epidemiological Surveillance,† in Inge Kaw, Isabelle Grunberg, and Marc A. Stern, â€Å"Global Public Goods: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (eds.),† (1999), NY: UNAP.

The Community of Female Voices in Arab Women Literature :: Fatima Mernissi Arab Culture Cultural Essays

The Community of Female Voices in Arab Women Literature In her memoir, Dreams of Trespass, Fatima Mernissi remembers asking her grandmother Yasmina how one can discern a true story from a false one. The wise old woman, Yasmina, told her granddaughter to relax and not look at life in extreme polarities because "there are things which could be both [true and false] and things which could be neither" (Dreams, 61). "Words are like onions," Yasmina explained further and "the more skins you peel off, the more meanings you encounter" (Dreams, 61). Thus, according to Yasmina, the real power of finding the "true" answer for oneself is to discover "multiplicities of meanings" because then right and wrong become irrelevant (Dreams, 61). Yasmina's image of words as onions can be used in one's understanding of the multilayered complexity of oppression in Arab women literature. Although in some novels, such as The Pillars of Salt and Drams of Trespass, female oppression is an obvious result of social norms, in other texts (In the Eye of the Sun, for example) the main female character, Asya Ulama, seems to be free of any form of social pressure. However, one has to keep in mind that no woman ever stands alone in her oppression, whether it is physical or psychological oppression, or both. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to "peal off all the skins of an onion" or to uncover all the different layers of female oppression presented in the five books: Pillars of Salt, A woman of Five Seasons, A Balcony Over Fakihani, Dreams of Trespass and In the Eye of the Sun. The Feminist Theory The feminist writer, Gloria Anzaldua, argues that in order for silence to "transform into speech, sound and words," the silence must first ‘traverse through our female bodies" (Making, XIII). According to Anzaldua, the female silence is richly layered and it hides important voices which once discovered lead to women's liberation. Many feminist writers would argue that women can only tell their stories when they listen to (and follow) their inner voices. These inner voices are not only singular voices of the "self" but also communal voices that connect women with past and future generations. Thus, if one is to explore the oppression of Muslim women through the work of Arab women novelists, one must keep in mind the multilayered complexity of women's voices, or what I call the "community of